Video Game Legislation for Dummies

Video Game Legislation for Dummies

May 9, 2008
Politicians just can't seem to get it right, so attorney and avid gamer Mark Methenitis, who pens the excellent Law of the Game blog, has written a guide for elected officials with a yen to legislate games.

Why? Methenitis explains:
I'm not opposed to keeping things out of the hands of kids that their parents don't want them to have. On the other hand, I'm also not opposed to letting the parents make the choices. About the only thing I am opposed to is letting the government decide what I or my eventual kids can play. I am an adult, and I can make those decisions for myself and for my children when I become a parent.

Methenitis pens a nine-point plan. Hit the Law of the Game for the details, we'll just summarize:

1. Forget the idea that you're only regulating games.
2. Use the industry's rating systems.
3. Forget 'banning' anything.
4. Forget basing this on obscenity or harm to children. Use commerce.
5. Forget the 'AO' rating for games.
6. Enforce it only on products that have to be sold to those over 17.
7. Enforce it only on sales to those who can't present ID or present fake ID.
8. This should be a fine only offense, and only a fine against the store.
9. Once it's done, leave it alone.

GP: While we don't agree with everything Methenitis has to say here, it's definitely a worthwhile read.

Thanks to: GP correspondent Andrew Eisen for the heads-up!

Comments

@SpiralGray: It's for games only. Fails point #1.
I'm waiting to see a breaking news story about how Video games have just been proven to cause Methinitis in children.

/sigh
HALLELUAH!! Finally some sense in politics!

I just pray that congress listens, and whoever becomes president.
Doesn't the new bill presented in Congress basically follow those rules?
"Forget basing this on obscenity or harm to children."

This will never ever EVER happen. I know there is a semi-famous quote, but I can't seem to find it.. something like 'If you control the children, you'll have the women, and the men can only choose to follow.'

That's obviously a little extreme, but the idea of using 'children' to bullshit your way to any where is an old, tried and true method.
It also fails point 4
There is no need for legislation whatsoever. If a parent doesn't want their child playing certain video games, it's their responsibility just in the same way it is their responsibility if they don't want their children getting ahold of other free speech materials like The Holy Bible, Harry Potter Novels, Charles Darwin's Origin of the Species, Left-wing based literature, right-wing based literature, ect.
The government should have no right to decide what anybody be it someone over or under some magical arbitrary age limit can or cannot play, watch, read, or listen to. Keep the nanny-state out of our lives and our children's lives.
He forgot 10

Most games haven't used "points" since the SNES (or earlier)
I like what was stated, but politicians who are hell bent on doing something, such as Leland Yee, will continue to try to pass a law.
I like this.
It also fails on point 2: Using the game industry's ratings
That was said to be unconstitutional because the ESRB is not part of the government and thus can not be given such authority.

This is one the many reasons legislation is not possible...
Using the ESRB ratings would be unconstitutional... making a gov't body that would make ratings in place of the ESRB would also smack of a free speech offense since the gov't is getting a say on exactly what does or does not pass... and the last remaining option would be to define violence as Obscene and make it an exception to the 1st amendment; however as we've seen in the past, not only could you not do this without including other forms of media, it's impossible to get a clear definition as to what "So violent, that it's obscene" is... Unlike things that are sexually explicit, there is no clear line for violence...

Throwing a punch is one thing, but what if you throw enough punches that you beat a person to death? how about a gunshot? someone getting shot could be seen as only pg13... how many times can a person get shot before you jump up to R rating? Hell even decapitation could work itself into PG-13 level... and then there's the whole issue of excluding cartoon violence which involves defining "what is a cartoon?" (one reason i recall a piece of legislation failing is because they realized bugs bunny carttons would fit their definition)... and the answer "anything animated" won't work; adult swim and lots of animes prove that to be dead wrong have shown that animation can do adult level stuff too... not to mention that games would fit under "something animated" as well (thus render the legislation moot for games =p)...
It is interesting, but I believe #2 is somehow blocked by the constitution. The government cannot create a rule around a private rating system. Supposedly because it removes the checks and balances from the government and places them in a private organization's hands. IE, because the government created a law around the M rating, the private organization now has control of a law, since they control what the M rating means. This is just a statement on why #2 can't happen, not saying that the ESRB would do something crazy.
Interesting stuff. I definitely can't agree with all of it, but I do tip my hat to Methinitis, for he is someone who is clearly more rational about the issue than others. (cough, Jack Thompson, cough)
The government can create a law to to keep mature media out of the hands of minors (just look at all the crap bush.co has passed) based on the age range(18+) of the media.

Notice he says has to be sold over 18, hes talking about AO here which for the sake of argument should have a fine to the store for, I do not see a fine system for 17+ games as well, IMO its all about balance, but heres a huge problem the system is manging itself jsut fine, gov regulation is not needed here.
To speak to the point #2 issue, there is some commentary on the blog post about it.

To summarize: Rating authority can be outsourced as long as there is a government authority to triage the issue (likely the FTC). Television ratings are legally triaged through the FCC, but the ratings themselves are determined by the broadcasters/networks/producers. It's not an identical structure, but it's a logical legal extension of that concept hybridized with the current biz op/franchise/consumer protection regulatory structure of the FTC.
@Mark Methenitis
ya, i just started reading through the comments... one thing that i would bring up though that someone over there brought up is that stuff like premium channels and satellite radio are not regulated by the FCC and therefore are beyond their rules. I think they can air TV shows when ever they want no matter what the rating or the content... it's also how Howard Stern was knocked off normal airways by the FCC but was able to get a new job by going to Satellite radio, if i recall.

Sounds to me like purchasing media would have more in relation to purchasing a premium channel than it would be to cable television.
Regardless, all TV shows are rated (except news and sports). It's a semi-voluntary system.
Lots of smart people commenting on #2, but I am not bright enough to have caught that. But I will comment on #8 - No, don't fine the store, it is, after all, the employees fault and they should be responsible for it.
Dennis, maybe you could spell Methenitis\' last name correctly.

GP: yup, my bad... Fixed.
@Shuffefield: Doesn't work. For one, most game vendors are corporations. I don't think you can find a person liable when the person acts as an agent of a corporation - much like they sue McDonald's for serving hot coffee, not the person that brewed it or set the heater too high. And for another, it'd seriously hurt the retailers because they'd probably have a harder time finding willing employees. No one wants to potentially be on the hook for $5K because you forget to check IDs in a momentary lapse of thought during an especially busy day.
Nothing pisses me off more than the AO rating on the system. For one thing it's like an appendix, completely useless and just gets in the way. Another thing, the difference between AO and M that you have to be 18 to buy an AO game and not 17 for M. Whoop-de-do, one whole year. The only reason it's so feared is because the AO rating has a very psychological impact on people, which I find silly.
@Benji: See that's how things work in Canada. I've worked at a video rental store for 4 years, a games store for 1, and currently work at a major electronics retailer and have been for the last 4. Both film ratings and video game ratings are enforeced by law. All retailers are required to post information on the ratings system and ask for ID for anyone who looks under age for the rated R for films or M for mature entertainment. In my almost 10 years of experience I have NEVER EVER seen anyone get fined. Mostly because everywhere I've worked it's part of training to be taught that you have to check for ID. It's fairly easy, hell, 2 out of the 3 places I worked had reminders coded into the POS software to ask for ID and requiring you to press a key to move pass the message. If anyone fails to do so, and is somehow cought by the local film board(the provincial bodies that regulate ratings) the store and the employee gets fined. Trust me you'll remember to check ID every damn time when you have a $500 fine hanging over your head.
After reading his points, I'd have to say...

1) Good idea. Any legislator that tries it will be burned alive in the Polls. It's one thing to regulate videogames, but trying to ban books? People know that Hitler did that and Hitler was bad, so you must be bad. And yet, this little rule might make legislators wake up and realize just what they are doing is wrong.

2) A legislator can't use a private rating system to enforce a law. It's unconstitutional as has been pointed out over and over again.

3) If only legislators new how to read.

4) "Protect the Children" is the fear-hammer that politicians want to use to swing public opion to their side. If enough people can be convinced of the threat, the law can be "bullied" through the courts even if it does violate the constitution (again see Hitler). Subtlety don't win campaigns boy, and politicians would never willing give up such a big fear-hammer.

5) I like the AO rating. If I want to buy a porn sim, I know what to look for and it won't be buried alongside of copies of Halo and COD. If anything, "adult" stores should sell these games both in store and online. Problem solved.

6) Only if you agree that, despite scientific evidence to the contrary, games are harmful. Otherwise it's still a violation of free speech and parental rights. A better solution would be to create a child credit card and give parents control over how much they can spend on it per day, as well as a software block when they try to purchase something the parent has decided they shouldn't. Then require that all purchases on any product made by an underage person use these cards. Of course, big sales brother won't be far behind.

7) see 6.

8) see 6.

9) Politicians will never see it that way.
another big issue is doing all media not just games, at least do dvd/film with games.....
@JustChris
there's a crucial point to that one year difference... it's the difference between minor and adult. While the AO rating can apply to more than just porn the fact is that AO is the very rating a porn game would get, as such they should follow the standards of any other media when it comes to porn...

What we have to remember is the original purpose of the ESRB, fore this is a reason for many of the ESRB's standards. The original purpose of the ESRB was NOT to be a form of regulation, it was meant to be nothing more then a form recommendation. The M rating is like saying the game is not meant for minors, but at the same time giving parents some leeway as to decide for themsleves how mature their child is... the AO rating is more like the ESRB telling parents that they are SERIOUS about the game not being given to minors.

grant it, i do think we should we should have an M15-16 rating as some games are too tame to warrent a 17+ rating... and i do kind of wonder, if they change M to be 15+, and the AO rating was 18+ but included games that had content that could go as low 16+, would the industry be more willing to allow the AO rating and not automatically ban it from retailers and consoles? They may want to keep certain content out, but when you got games that have only 16-17 level content, it might prompt them to instead pick and choose the games they want instead of banning the entire rating... afterall, while not allow certain games is bad, banning an entire rating is worse since it renders the rating rather meaningless.
Mr. Thompson, he's only human. Cut him some slack.

I do commend you for being able to compose yourself on this site over the past couple of days, though. You're actually acting your age for once.
Beyond the fact that the FCC once gave Jack Thompson more than the time of day (for which I'll never forgive them), I whole-heartedly disagree with some of their speech-censorship efforts regarding broadcast radio and television and therefore don't at all trust them or any other similar independent government agency such as the FTC with my free-speech rights. It was those knucleheads who, in FCC v. Pacifica (1978) carved-out the previously non-existent "indecency" exception to the free-speech protections of the First Amendment. And I, for one, happen to enjoy using all of Carlin's "dirty words."
@Vinzent

"better solution would be to create a child credit card and give parents control over how much they can spend on it per day, as well as a software block when they try to purchase something the parent has decided they shouldn’t. Then require that all purchases on any product made by an underage person use these cards. Of course, big sales brother won’t be far behind."

Yeh.. that sounds like Bilderberg's wet-dream indoctrination campaign.

@ Jack Thompson

It's quite likely that you don't hear this enough [or at all] but I'm glad that you exist. Sure we give you plenty of shit, but you brought it to our doorstep first. I personally think you're exactly what the gaming community needs to be prepared for quieter, far less self-defeating activists in the future. And perhaps, we are what you need to be prepared for whatever level of hell accommodates enemies of free expression and thought. BFF? =D
@ Monte:

The M rating is like saying the game is not meant for minors, but at the same time giving parents some leeway as to decide for themsleves how mature their child is… the AO rating is more like the ESRB telling parents that they are SERIOUS about the game not being given to minors.

Not really. The way I see it is that the AO rating is (or SHOULD be) used mainly for sexually explicit (pornographic) content. Since it is illegal to sell porn to a minor, the AO rating allows for adult games without the possibility of a minor getting their hands on it.

Granted, the AO rating doesn't get used much because most game developers don't really make pornographic games in America. There was also the issue of Manhunt 2, which is kinda sketchy in my mind, but remember that movies can be rated NC-17 (the MPAA equivalent of an AO rating) based on violence alone.
@ kaemmerite

There's also the little matter concerning the console hardware limitations that don't even allow the system to read AO discs, regardless of parental controls. The only way they could is if the system was illegally modified.
For me its if you are goign to regulate media do it for 17+ that means "unrated" DVDs above PG13 is a no no, and all the R,M,NC17 and AO stuff have a fine attached to the sale of the minor that goes to the store,then lets add the publishers of unrated DVD thats above the PG13 level will be fined 10K a incident, the store can have it own policies dictating how employees are flogged, either have a simple wide sweeping regulation or let the industry regulate them selfs.

This of coarse wont happen because the media industry wont dare change the way dvds are done.
DavCube
Don't they have a level range of numbers the higher it goes the more it will lock out?

Or did they simply set it to the current ratings? most likely that can be changed via frimware update.
Monte is, of course, incorrect. The broadcast of obscene material is prohibited even on satellite and cable.
Mr. Methenitis had a nice conversation today, and we have agreed to debate publicly these subjects at the first opportunity. Coming to a college campus near you. Jack Thompson
@Jack Thompson, Attorney:

If you think you're going to revie your gig as as a debater on the college campus circuit, you'll have to first overcome the zero credibility factor, Jack-O (play theme music from "Mission Impossible").
“Monte is, of course, incorrect. The broadcast of obscene material is prohibited even on satellite and cable.” -Thompson

That’s not what Monte said but Thompson is correct in that even on subscription services such as cable and satellite it is a violation of federal law to air obscene programming at any time.


Andrew Eisen
@Jack Thompson, Attorney:

Can you point to some authority in support of the proposition that "broadcast of obscene material is prohibited even on satellite and cable?"
@Andrew Eisen:

Arrrgh, Andrew! You ruined my chance to laugh at Jack's sure-to-be-feeble attempt to support himself.
They still do broadcast but those are all pay per view channels not available with normal service.
@ Andrew Eisen

If that's the case, how come no one is giving Sirius a hard time over Howard Stern and Playboy Radio? Or Opie and Anthony on XM?
I have an terribly hard time believing that at all. I've heard things far beyond my threshold for obscene material on Opie and Anthony's Sat Radio show. And it's been like that for quite some time. Considering how wary they are of getting into real trouble again.. I imagine that "obscene programming" must be incredibly different from what goes on.
kurisu7885:

Pornography, while enjoyable, isn't obscene. Not unless it's child pornography.
@Black Manta:

Because those examples aren't obscene, either.
The Virus is in the basic plan AFAIK... that's OandA's channel. I could qualify it with examples as to the obscenity of the material.. but.. it's rough... =X
Ah so it's the legal interpretation of obscene.. Duh -_-
@Rhade:

A law that prohibits something but does not provide a legal definition of that something or some other clear guidelines is unconstitutional (vague and/or overbroad).
Black Manta,

JackDon'tKnowJack hit the nail square on the head. As offensive as you may find those shows, they are not examples of obscenity.


Andrew Eisen
"Monte is, of course, incorrect. The broadcast of obscene material is prohibited even on satellite and cable."

Exactly, Mr. Thompson. And aside from Hot Coffee, games don't go beyond those same borders either, despite your lies. *coughoralandanalS&MinGTA4cough*
Black Manta,

That's not to say that no one has raised a fuss over the content of those shows but the FCC has traditionally not enforced indecency and profanity prohibitions against subscription programming services.


Andrew Eisen
@Andrew Eisen:

Althought they do enforce their self-created "indecency" standards on broadcast radio and television. Making it an offense to say the word "ass" on those media.
@ Andrew Eisen

Oh, don't get me wrong. I love Howard! Never had any problem with the show whatsoever. Playboy isn't bad either (though I find the Bubba the Love Sponge show to be a bit lacking). Baba-booey to you all! :)
@Black Manta:

Back in the day when Bubba had a morning show on radio, he used to telephone an obviously developmentally-challenged woman and clown her on the air.
@ Zippy

I'm not sure what you're trying to ask... what do you mean by 'numbers?' The systems just have a lock on them that doesn't allow AO games to be played, that's all. It's not a bug or anything, if it was, they'd probably have solved it long before now.
@ JDKJ

Kinda like what they do on Howard with Wendy and Gary the Retards and Crazy Alice, huh?
@Jack Thompson, Attorney

How long before something comes up to prevent you from attending?
@Black Manta:

You lost me there. I can't afford satellite radio. I can't even afford the upgrade to I-Pod and I-Tunes. But I do have an extensive collection of classic rock on 8-track tape. "Ooohoo, that smell. Can't you smell that smell?"
@ JKDJ

I feel you. I'm still in the process of replacing my favorite albums on tape cassette to CD. I'm working on my replacing Iron Maiden albums now in fact.
I do agree that the biggest problem is the whole 'Video Games only aspect'.

Every time a new kind of media comes around the censors use the cry of 'This time it's different!', they said it about Elvis' gyrating hips, they said it about the 'Savage' Latin and African beats, they said it about the 'gory and immoral' comics.

It truly takes ignorance of history on a monumental level to think that saying 'This time it's different' holds any real weight whatsoever, and yet lawmakers and politicos across the US are trying.

As for Thompson, well, all I can say is, 'oh look, a chance to promote myself!'. Not surprised in the slightest.

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